Bacon’s Rebellion was an armed uprising in the Virginia Colony led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley. Driven by grievances over frontier security against Native Americans, high taxes, and political favoritism, rebels burned Jamestown and targeted government loyalists. The revolt collapsed following Bacon’s death, but it deeply shaken the colonial establishment. In its aftermath, the ruling elite accelerated the transition from indentured servitude to racialized chattel slavery to prevent future cross-racial alliances among lower classes.
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