Richard Henry Lee was a politician born into a prominent Virginia family and an ardent leader of the American Independence movement. He conducted anti-Stamp Act movements in the House of Burgesses and, at the Second Continental Congress in 1776, submitted the historic independence resolution (the Lee Resolution) stating that "these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States." This served as the direct impetus for the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. He later signed the Articles of Confederation and served as President of the Confederation Congress, playing a decisive role in the process of the nation's birth.

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