Jo Gwang-jo and the Neo-Confucian Reforms

Jo Gwang-jo was a prominent Neo-Confucian scholar and political reformer who championed moral governance during the reign of King Jungjong. As a key figure of the Sarim faction, he implemented the Hyangnyang-gwa selection system, promoted local covenants (Hyangyak), abolished the Taoist office Sogyeokseo, and sought to revoke unearned meritorious titles. His radical reforms sparked intense resistance from conservative Hungu elites, leading to his downfall and execution in the Gimyo Purge of 1519. He remains celebrated as an iconic martyr for Confucian ideals.

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