Ascending the throne after years of political instability, Mahmud II executed the "Auspicious Incident" in 1826, destroying the reactionary Janissary corps and clearing the path for sweeping military modernization. He centralized state authority, reformed domestic administration, and modernized dress codes and bureaucracy. Despite suffering territorial losses in the Greek War of Independence and Egyptian crises, his resolute centralizing reforms served as the direct foundation for the Tanzimat era.

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