Subh-i-Azal and the Continuity of Traditional Babism

Subh-i-Azal

Born in Tehran around 1831, Subh-i-Azal (Mirza Yahya) was appointed by the Bab as his successor to lead the Babi community. Following severe state persecution, he fled to Baghdad and later Edirne. A bitter leadership conflict arose between him and his half-brother, Baha'u'llah, leading to a permanent schism within the movement. Subh-i-Azal maintained traditional Babi doctrine, forming the Azali branch, before being exiled by Ottoman authorities to Cyprus, where he died in 1912.

Timeline

Category
Element

Year	Subh-i-Azal
1831	Birth of Subh-i-Azal (Period: 1831 (exact month and day unknown), Location: Tehran, Iran (also argued to be Nur, Mazandaran Province))
1844	Conversion to Bábism (Age: 13 years old, Period: c. 1844 – 1845, Location: Tehran, Iran)
1847	Marriage (Subh-i-Azal and Fátimih Khánum, Age: 16 years old, Period: c. 1847 – 1848 (Aged around 16–17), Location: Nur Region, Iran)
1848	Interaction with Táhirih and Missionary Activities (Age: 17 years old, Period: c. 1848, Location: Nur and Babul, Mazandaran Region, Iran)
1850	Appointment as Successor Leader by the Báb (Age: 19 years old, Period: c. 1850, Location: Iran)
1852	Flight to Baghdad and Life in Exile (Subh-i-Azal, Age: 21 years old, Period: 1852 – 1863, Location: Baghdad, Iraq (Then Ottoman Territory)) Great Persecution of Bábís in 1852 (Age: 21 years old, Period: August 1852 – c. 1853, Location: Various Regions Centered on Tehran, Iran) Attempted Assassination of Naser al-Din Shah (Age: 21 years old, Period: August 15, 1852, Location: Near Tehran, Iran)
1863	Schism Between the Bábís and the Bahá'í Faction (Age: 32 years old, Period: c. 1863 – 1866, Location: Baghdad and Edirne, Ottoman Empire (Present-day Turkey)) Transfer to Constantinople (Age: 32 years old, Period: 1863, Location: From Baghdad, Iraq to Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (Present-day Istanbul, Turkey)) Exile to Edirne and Religious Conflict (Subh-i-Azal, Age: 32 years old, Period: 1863 – 1868, Location: Edirne, Ottoman Empire (Present-day Turkey))
1868	Exile to Cyprus (Subh-i-Azal, Age: 37 years old, Period: 1868, Location: Famagusta, Ottoman Cyprus (Present-day Cyprus Island))
1878	Later Years Under British Rule (Age: 47 years old, Period: 1878 – 1912, Location: Famagusta, Cyprus)
1912	Death of Subh-i-Azal (Age: 81 years old, Period: April 29, 1912 (Died in Famagusta, British Cyprus))
Unknown	Marriage (Subh-i-Azal and Other Marriages, Period: Details Unknown, Location: Details Unknown) Marriage (Subh-i-Azal and Maryam Khánum, Period: Details Unknown (Said to be after exile to Baghdad), Location: Details Unknown)

Map

Category
Element

Asia World

Group	List
The Ottoman Court	Mustafa III Abdul Hamid I Selim III Mustafa IV Mahmud II Abdulmejid I Abdulaziz Murad V Abdul Hamid II Mehmed V
Iranian religious movement	The Bab Baha'u'llah Subh-i-Azal 'Abdu'l-Baha Jamal al-Din al-Afghani Mirza Malkam Khan
Zionist movement	Theodor Herzl Leon Pinsker Max Nordau Edmond James de Rothschild Ahad Ha'am Eliezer Ben-Yehuda Nahum Sokolow

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Subh-i-Azal and the Continuity of Traditional Babism

Subh-i-Azal

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